๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต Advanced Japanese Business Keigo for Software Engineering & IT Operations

A comprehensive master lesson on navigating Japanese corporate engineering environments, conducting pull request code reviews, handling system incident escalations, and writing professional Slack/email communications using business honorifics (ๆ•ฌ่ชž - ใ‘ใ„ใ”).


1. Core Grammar & Vocabulary Breakdown

1.1 The Keigo Triad in Software Development

In a Japanese engineering org or client-facing outsourcing environment (SES / Sler), communication level varies based on stakeholder hierarchy.

                    โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”
                    โ”‚            KEIGO TRIAD (ๆ•ฌ่ชž)           โ”‚
                    โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ฌโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜
                                         โ”‚
         โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ผโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”
         โ–ผ                               โ–ผ                               โ–ผ
โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”           โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”           โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”
โ”‚  ๅฐŠๆ•ฌ่ชž (Sonkei)  โ”‚           โ”‚  ่ฌ™่ญฒ่ชž (Kenjou) โ”‚           โ”‚ ไธๅฏง่ชž (Teinei)  โ”‚
โ”‚  Respectful Form โ”‚           โ”‚   Humble Form    โ”‚           โ”‚   Polite Form    โ”‚
โ”œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ค           โ”œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ค           โ”œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ค
โ”‚ Client / Lead    โ”‚           โ”‚ Developer's Own  โ”‚           โ”‚ Standard baselineโ”‚
โ”‚ actions          โ”‚           โ”‚ actions          โ”‚           โ”‚ politeness       โ”‚
โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜           โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜           โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜
  1. ๅฐŠๆ•ฌ่ชž (Sonkeigo - Respectful Language): Elevates the client, Tech Lead, Product Manager, or external team member. Applied to actions performed by them.
    • Pattern: ใŠ / ใ” + Verb Stem + ใซใชใ‚‹ or ๅ—ๅ‹•ๆ…‹ (Passive Verb + ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹) or Special Honorific Verbs.
    • Example: ใ€Œไป•ๆง˜ๆ›ธใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚ใ€ (Have you looked at the specification document?)
  2. ่ฌ™่ญฒ่ชž (Kenjougo - Humble Language): Lowers your own actions, your teamโ€™s actions, or your companyโ€™s actions to show respect to the recipient.
    • Pattern: ใŠ / ใ” + Verb Stem + ใ™ใ‚‹ / ใ„ใŸใ™ or Special Humble Verbs.
    • Example: ใ€Œใƒ—ใƒซใƒชใ‚ฏใ‚จใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ (I humbly reviewed the pull request.)
  3. ไธๅฏง่ชž (Teineigo - Polite Language): Polite sentence endings (ใงใ™ / ใพใ™, ใงใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™). Baseline for standard team interactions.
    • Example: ใ€ŒใŸใ ใ„ใพใ‚ตใƒผใƒใƒผใฎใƒญใ‚ฐใ‚’็ขบ่ชไธญใงใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ (We are currently checking the server logs.)

1.2 Transformation Rules for IT & Engineering Verbs

Software development relies on specialized verbs (many derived from Suru (ใ™ใ‚‹) verbs). Mastering their Keigo transformations is vital for code reviews and ticket status updates:

Base Plain FormBusiness ReadingๅฐŠๆ•ฌ่ชž (Sonkeigo - Client/Lead)่ฌ™่ญฒ่ชž (Kenjougo - Self/Team)Engineering Context
็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ (ใ‹ใใซใ‚“ใ™ใ‚‹)Kakunin suruใ”็ขบ่ชใซใชใ‚‹ / ใ”็ขบ่ชใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ”็ขบ่ช่‡ดใ™ / ็ขบ่ชใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™Checking PRs, design specs, build logs
้–‹็™บใ™ใ‚‹ (ใ‹ใ„ใฏใคใ™ใ‚‹)Kaihatsu suruใ”้–‹็™บใชใ•ใ‚‹ / ใ”้–‹็™บใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹้–‹็™บ่‡ดใ™ / ้–‹็™บใ‚’้€ฒใ‚ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™Developing features, backend APIs
ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ (ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ›ใ„ใ™ใ‚‹)Shuusei suruใ”ไฟฎๆญฃใซใชใ‚‹ / ใ”ไฟฎๆญฃใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไฟฎๆญฃ่‡ดใ™ / ไฟฎๆญฃใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™Refactoring, bug fixes, hotfixes
ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ (ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚†ใ†ใ™ใ‚‹)Kyouyuu suruใ”ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ„ใŸใ ใ (Request)ใ”ๅ…ฑๆœ‰่‡ดใ™ / ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™Sharing Zoom links, API specs, credentials
่ชฟๆŸปใ™ใ‚‹ (ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ•ใ™ใ‚‹)Chousa suruใ”่ชฟๆŸปใซใชใ‚‹่ชฟๆŸป่‡ดใ™ / ่ชฟๆŸปใ‚’้€ฒใ‚ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ™Investigating outages, DB queries
้€ฃ็ตกใ™ใ‚‹ (ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ‚‰ใใ™ใ‚‹)Renraku suruใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ‚‹ / ใ”้€ฃ็ตกใ„ใŸใ ใใ”้€ฃ็ตกๅทฎใ—ไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ / ใ”้€ฃ็ตก่‡ดใ™Outage escalation, standup updates
่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ (ใฟใ‚‹)Miruใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚‹ (ใ”ใ‚‰ใ‚“ใซใชใ‚‹)ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ (ใฏใ„ใ‘ใ‚“ใ™ใ‚‹) / ๆ‹่ฆ‹่‡ดใ™Reviewing code, looking at log traces
่จ€ใ† (ใ„ใ†)IuใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹็”ณใ™ (ใ‚‚ใ†ใ™) / ็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™Stating requirements, reporting status
ใ™ใ‚‹Suruใชใ•ใ‚‹ / ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‡ดใ™ (ใ„ใŸใ™)Doing tasks, executing deployments
่กŒใใƒปๆฅใ‚‹Iku / Kuruใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ / ใŠใ„ใงใซใชใ‚‹ๅ‚ใ‚‹ (ใพใ„ใ‚‹) / ไผบใ† (ใ†ใ‹ใŒใ†)Visiting client site, joining online sync

1.3 Cushion Phrases (ใ‚ฏใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ่จ€่‘‰) for IT Code Reviews & Slack

Direct feedback in code reviews can sound aggressive in Japanese engineering culture. Soften corrections using cushion phrases:

  1. ๆใ‚Œๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ (ใŠใใ‚Œใ„ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ - Osoreirimasu ga): โ€œI beg your pardon, butโ€ฆโ€ (Used before asking questions or reporting issues).
    • Usage: ใ€Œๆใ‚Œๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎAPIใƒฌใ‚นใƒใƒณใ‚นใฎๅž‹ๅฎš็พฉใ‚’ๅ†็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€ (I am sorry to bother you, but could you please double-check the type definition for this API response?)
  2. ใŠๆ‰‹ๆ•ฐใ‚’ใŠใ‹ใ‘ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใŒ (ใŠใฆใ™ใ†ใ‚’ใŠใ‹ใ‘ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใŒ - Otesuu o okake itashimasu ga): โ€œI apologize for taking up your time/effort, butโ€ฆโ€
    • Usage: ใ€ŒใŠๆ‰‹ๆ•ฐใ‚’ใŠใ‹ใ‘ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ†ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฎๅฎŸ่กŒใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใงใใพใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€ (Apologies for the extra trouble, but could you please re-run the tests?)
  3. ๅทฎใ—ๆ”ฏใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ (ใ•ใ—ใคใ‹ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ - Sashitsukaenakereba): โ€œIf it is not inconvenientโ€ฆโ€
    • Usage: ใ€Œๅทฎใ—ๆ”ฏใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใƒ™ใƒณใƒใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏ็ตๆžœใฎใƒญใ‚ฐใ‚’ใ”ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใจๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ (If convenient, we would appreciate it if you could share the benchmark logs.)

2. Comprehensive Vocabulary & Grammar Matrix

Kanji / PhraseReading (Furigana / Romaji)Form CategoryTechnical English MeaningReal-World Engineering ExampleNuance & Business Etiquette Note
ๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใกใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
(Shouchi itashimashita)
Kenjougo (Humble)Understood / Confirmedใ€Œไป•ๆง˜ๅค‰ๆ›ดใฎไปถใ€ๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๆœฌๆ—ฅไธญใซไฟฎๆญฃใ‚’ๅฎŸๆ–ฝใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Crucial: Never use ใ€Œไบ†่งฃใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€(Ryookai shimashita) with clients or superiors; it is considered informal/patronizing.
ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใฏใ„ใ‘ใ‚“ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
(Haiken itashimashita)
Kenjougo (Humble)I have reviewed / looked atใ€Œใ”ๆๅ‡บใ„ใŸใ ใ„ใŸใƒ—ใƒซใƒชใ‚ฏใ‚จใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€Standard humble phrasing when opening code reviews or design docs.
ๅฏพๅฟœไธญใงใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใŸใ„ใŠใ†ใกใ‚…ใ†ใงใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™
(Taiouchuu de gozaimasu)
Teinei / StateCurrently resolving / handlingใ€Œ็พๅœจใ€ใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใƒ™ใƒผใ‚นใฎๆŽฅ็ถš้šœๅฎณใ‚’ๅฏพๅฟœไธญใงใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Keeps management informed during active outages with objective politeness.
ใ”็ขบ่ชใฎใปใฉใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ”ใ‹ใใซใ‚“ใฎใปใฉใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠใญใŒใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™
(Go-kakunin no hodo yoroshiku onegai itashimasu)
Polite RequestPlease review / check thisใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใฎไฟฎๆญฃใŒๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ใ”็ขบ่ชใฎใปใฉใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Mandatory sign-off sentence when tagging reviewers on GitHub/GitLab PRs.
ใ”ๆ•™็คบใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ”ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ˜ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
(Go-kyouji itadakemasu deshou ka)
Kenjou RequestCould you please instruct / advise me?ใ€Œ็’ฐๅขƒๆง‹็ฏ‰ใฎๆ‰‹้ †ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใ”ๆ•™็คบใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€Formal alternative to ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ (Oshiete kudasai) for setup instructions.
ใ”ๆŸปๅŽใฎใปใฉใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ”ใ•ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใฎใปใฉใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠใญใŒใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™
(Go-sashuu no hodo yoroshiku onegai itashimasu)
Business FormulaPlease accept/evaluate the attached fileใ€ŒไฟฎๆญฃๅพŒใฎใƒญใ‚ฐใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒซใ‚’ๆทปไป˜ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ”ๆŸปๅŽใฎใปใฉใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Standard email formula when attaching log archives, diagrams, or CSV metrics.
ๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ•ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใงใ™
(Saiwai desu)
Soft RequestI would be grateful / appreciativeใ€Œๆœฌๆ—ฅ 17 ๆ™‚ใพใงใซใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ‰ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใจๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Creates a polite, non-demanding request cadence in technical Slack channels.
ไฟฎๆญฃใ‚’ๅๆ˜ ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ›ใ„ใ‚’ใฏใ‚“ใˆใ„ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
(Shuusei o hanโ€™ei itashimashita)
Kenjou StatementApplied / Pushed the requested fixใ€ŒๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ไบ‹้ …ใซๅŸบใฅใใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใฎไฟฎๆญฃใ‚’ๅๆ˜ ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€Standard response in a GitHub PR comment thread after addressing requested changes.
ไธๅ…ทๅˆใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ™ใตใใ‚ใ„ใŒใฏใฃใ›ใ„ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ™
(Fuguai ga hassei shite orimasu)
Teinei AlertA bug / glitch has occurredใ€Œๆœฌ็•ช็’ฐๅขƒใซใฆใƒญใ‚ฐใ‚คใƒณๅ‡ฆ็†ใฎไธๅ…ทๅˆใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Clear, objective phrasing for incident ticket reporting.
ๅ†็™บ้˜ฒๆญข็ญ–ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ•ใ„ใฏใคใผใ†ใ—ใ•ใใ‚’ใ‘ใ‚“ใจใ†ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™
(Saihatsu boushisaku o kentou itashimashita)
Kenjou CommitmentWe will formulate preventative measuresใ€Œใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒขใƒผใƒ†ใƒ ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใ€ๅ†็™บ้˜ฒๆญข็ญ–ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Used in post-mortem reports to reassure leadership of long-term fixes.

3. Real-World Dialogue Scenarios

Scenario A: Urgent Incident Escalation on Slack (้šœๅฎณ็™บ็”Ÿๆ™‚ใฎ็ทŠๆ€ฅ้€š็Ÿฅ)

Context: High-priority production outage where the database CPU throttles to 100%. Junior Backend Engineer (Tanaka) escalates to Engineering Lead (Sato).

[Slack Channel: #incident-alert-prod]
  • ็”ฐไธญ (Tanaka - Junior Engineer):

    ไฝ่—ค๏ผˆใ•ใจใ†๏ผ‰ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใŠ็–ฒใ‚Œๆง˜๏ผˆใคใ‹ใ‚Œใ•ใพ๏ผ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ๏ผˆใŠใ๏ผ‰ใ‚Œๅ…ฅ๏ผˆใ„๏ผ‰ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆœฌ็•ช๏ผˆใปใ‚“ใฐใ‚“๏ผ‰็’ฐๅขƒ๏ผˆใ‹ใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ‰ใฎใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใƒ™ใƒผใ‚นใซใฆ CPU ไฝฟ็”จ็އ๏ผˆใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใ‚Šใค๏ผ‰ใŒ 100% ใซ้”๏ผˆใŸใฃ๏ผ‰ใ™ใ‚‹้šœๅฎณ๏ผˆใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ„๏ผ‰ใŒ็™บ็”Ÿ๏ผˆใฏใฃใ›ใ„๏ผ‰ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ„ใพๅŽŸๅ› ๏ผˆใ’ใ‚“ใ„ใ‚“๏ผ‰ใฎใƒญใ‚ฐใ‚’่ชฟๆŸปไธญ๏ผˆใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ•ใกใ‚…ใ†๏ผ‰ใงใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

    Romaji: Sato-san, otsukaresama desu. Osoreirimasu ga, homban kankyou no deetabeesu ni te CPU shiyouritsu ga hyakuper sento ni tassuru shougai ga hassei shite orimasu. Tadaima genโ€™in no rogu o chousachuu de gozaimasu. English: Sato-san, thank you for your hard work. I am sorry to interrupt, but an incident has occurred in the production environment where database CPU utilization has reached 100%. We are currently investigating the root cause logs.

  • ไฝ่—ค (Sato - Tech Lead):

    ็”ฐไธญใ•ใ‚“ใ€ๅ ฑๅ‘Š๏ผˆใปใ†ใ“ใ๏ผ‰ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒญใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚จใƒชใฎใƒญใ‚ฐใฏ็ขบ่ช๏ผˆใ‹ใใซใ‚“๏ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟ๏ผˆใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ‰็ฏ„ๅ›ฒ๏ผˆใฏใ‚“ใ„๏ผ‰ใฏใฉใฎใ‚ตใƒผใƒ“ใ‚นใซๅŠ๏ผˆใŠใ‚ˆ๏ผ‰ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚

    Romaji: Tanaka-san, houkoku arigatou gozaimasu. Suroo kueri no rogu wa kakunin saremashita ka. Mata, eikyou hanโ€™i wa dono saabisuto ni oyonde imasurou ka. English: Tanaka-san, thank you for the report. Have you checked the slow query logs? Also, which services are affected by the scope of this impact?

  • ็”ฐไธญ (Tanaka - Junior Engineer):

    ใฏใ„ใ€็ขบ่ช๏ผˆใ‹ใใซใ‚“๏ผ‰ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๆœช๏ผˆใฟ๏ผ‰ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฎ SQL ใ‚ฏใ‚จใƒชใŒๅŽŸๅ› ๏ผˆใ’ใ‚“ใ„ใ‚“๏ผ‰ใจ็‰นๅฎš๏ผˆใจใใฆใ„๏ผ‰ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆ๏ผˆใŠใ๏ผ‰ใ‚Œๅ…ฅ๏ผˆใ„๏ผ‰ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€่ฉฒๅฝ“๏ผˆใŒใ„ใจใ†๏ผ‰ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฎ็ทŠๆ€ฅ๏ผˆใใ‚“ใใ‚…ใ†๏ผ‰่ฟฝๅŠ ๏ผˆใคใ„ใ‹๏ผ‰ใƒ‘ใƒƒใƒใ‚’้ฉ็”จ๏ผˆใฆใใ‚ˆใ†๏ผ‰ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๅทฎ๏ผˆใ•๏ผ‰ใ—ๆ”ฏ๏ผˆใคใ‹๏ผ‰ใˆใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚

    Romaji: Hai, kakunin itashimashita. Mi-indekkusuno SQL kueri ga genโ€™in to tokutei itashimashita. Osoreirimasu ga, gaitou indekkusu no kinkyuu Tsuika pacchi o tekiyou shitemo sashitsukaenakereba deshou ka. English: Yes, I have confirmed it. We identified that an unindexed SQL query is the root cause. Pardon me, but would it be acceptable if we apply an emergency patch to add the relevant index?

  • ไฝ่—ค (Sato - Tech Lead):

    ๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅ๏ผˆใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใก๏ผ‰ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚้ฉ็”จ๏ผˆใฆใใ‚ˆใ†๏ผ‰ใ‚’้€ฒ๏ผˆใ™ใ™๏ผ‰ใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๅฎŒไบ†๏ผˆใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ‰ๅพŒ๏ผˆใ”๏ผ‰ใ€็ตๆžœ๏ผˆใ‘ใฃใ‹๏ผ‰ใ‚’ใ”ๅ…ฑๆœ‰๏ผˆใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚†ใ†๏ผ‰ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใจๅนธ๏ผˆใ•ใ„ใ‚๏ผ‰ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    Romaji: Shouchi itashimashita. Tekiyou o susumete kudasai. Kanryougo, kekka o go-kyouyuu itadakemasu to saiwai desu. English: Understood. Please proceed with applying the patch. Once complete, I would appreciate it if you could share the results.


Scenario B: GitHub Pull Request Code Review & Technical Feedback (ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผ)

Context: Senior Code Reviewer (Suzuki) leaves comments on Developer (Yamada)โ€˜s Pull Request regarding cache invalidation.

[GitHub PR #142 Comment Thread]
  • ้ˆดๆœจ (Suzuki - Reviewer):

    ๅฑฑ็”ฐ๏ผˆใ‚„ใพใ ๏ผ‰ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ๅฎŸ่ฃ…๏ผˆใ˜ใฃใใ†๏ผ‰ใŠ็–ฒใ‚Œๆง˜๏ผˆใคใ‹ใ‚Œใ•ใพ๏ผ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ—ใƒซใƒชใ‚ฏใ‚จใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๆ‹่ฆ‹๏ผˆใฏใ„ใ‘ใ‚“๏ผ‰ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅ…จไฝ“็š„๏ผˆใœใ‚“ใŸใ„ใฆใ๏ผ‰ใซ็ถบ้บ—๏ผˆใใ‚Œใ„๏ผ‰ใซ่จญ่จˆ๏ผˆใ›ใฃใ‘ใ„๏ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ 1 ็‚น๏ผˆใฆใ‚“๏ผ‰ใ ใ‘ๆ๏ผˆใŠใ๏ผ‰ใ‚Œๅ…ฅ๏ผˆใ„๏ผ‰ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€L45 ใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅๅ‰Š้™ค๏ผˆใ•ใใ˜ใ‚‡๏ผ‰ๅ‡ฆ็†๏ผˆใ—ใ‚‡ใ‚Š๏ผ‰ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€้žๅŒๆœŸ๏ผˆใฒใฉใ†ใ๏ผ‰ใงใฎๅ†่ฉฆ่กŒ๏ผˆใ•ใ„ใ—ใ“ใ†๏ผ‰ใƒญใ‚ธใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๆผ๏ผˆใ‚‚๏ผ‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ๅ—๏ผˆใฟใ†๏ผ‰ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏ้šœๅฎณ๏ผˆใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ„๏ผ‰ๆ™‚๏ผˆใ˜๏ผ‰ใซใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎไธๆ•ดๅˆ๏ผˆใตใ›ใ„ใ”ใ†๏ผ‰ใŒ็™บ็”Ÿ๏ผˆใฏใฃใ›ใ„๏ผ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ‡ธๅฟต๏ผˆใ‘ใญใ‚“๏ผ‰ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใฎใงใ€ใ”็ขบ่ช๏ผˆใ‹ใใซใ‚“๏ผ‰ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚

    Romaji: Yamada-san, jissou otsukaresama desu. Pururikuesto o haiken itashimashita. Zentaiteki ni kirei ni sekkei sarete imasu ne. Itten dake osoreirimasu ga, L45 no kyasshu sakujo shori ni oite, hidouki de no saishikou rojikku ga morete iru you ni miukeraremasu. Nettowaaku shougaiji ni kyasshu no fuseigou ga hassei suru kenen ga gozaimasu node, go-kakunin itadakemasu deshou ka. English: Yamada-san, thank you for your work on the implementation. I have reviewed the pull request. Overall, it is cleanly designed. Pardon me on just one point, but it appears that the asynchronous retry logic in the cache deletion handler at line 45 has been omitted. There is a concern that cache inconsistency might occur during network failures, so could you please check this?

  • ๅฑฑ็”ฐ (Yamada - PR Author):

    ้ˆดๆœจ๏ผˆใ™ใšใ๏ผ‰ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ”ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜๏ผˆใ—ใฆใ๏ผ‰ใฎ้€š๏ผˆใจใŠ๏ผ‰ใ‚Šใ€ไพ‹ๅค–๏ผˆใ‚Œใ„ใŒใ„๏ผ‰ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใŒไธๅๅˆ†๏ผˆใตใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใถใ‚“๏ผ‰ใงใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜๏ผˆใ—ใฆใ๏ผ‰ไบ‹้ …๏ผˆใ˜ใ“ใ†๏ผ‰ใซๅŸบ๏ผˆใ‚‚ใจ๏ผ‰ใฅใใ€ใƒ‡ใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ญใƒฅใƒผ๏ผˆDLQ๏ผ‰ใธใฎ้€€้ฟ๏ผˆใŸใ„ใฒ๏ผ‰ใƒญใ‚ธใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ๏ผˆใคใ„ใ‹๏ผ‰ใ—ใ€ไฟฎๆญฃ๏ผˆใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ›ใ„๏ผ‰ใ‚’ๅๆ˜ ๏ผˆใฏใ‚“ใˆใ„๏ผ‰ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅ†ๅบฆ๏ผˆใ•ใ„ใฉ๏ผ‰ใ”็ขบ่ช๏ผˆใ‹ใใซใ‚“๏ผ‰ใฎใปใฉใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™๏ผˆใŠใญใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใ†ใ—ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™๏ผ‰ใ€‚

    Romaji: Suzuki-san, rebyuu itadaki arigatou gozaimasu. Go-shiteki no้€šใ‚Š, reigai handoringu ga fujuubun de gozaimashita. Shiteki jikou ni motozuki, deddo retaa kyuu (DLQ) e no taihi rojikku o tsuika shi, shuusei o hanโ€™ei itashimashita. Saido go-kakunin no hodo, yoroshiku onegai moushiagemasu. English: Suzuki-san, thank you very much for the review. As you pointed out, the exception handling was insufficient. Based on your feedback, I have added logic to offload failed payloads to a Dead-Letter Queue (DLQ) and pushed the fix. I kindly ask for your re-review.


4. Interactive Practice & Quizzes

Exercise 1: Plain/Teinei Form to Business Keigo Conversion

Convert the following software engineering statements into appropriate Business Keigo (Kenjougo or Sonkeigo as context dictates).

  1. Plain Statement: ใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ไป•ๆง˜ๆ›ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ (I will look at the spec doc tomorrow.)
    • โžœ Kenjou Conversion: ใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ไป•ๆง˜ๆ›ธใ‚’____________________ใ€‚ใ€
  2. Plain Statement: ใ€Œใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณใƒˆใฏๆ–ฐๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚ใ€ (Did the client test the new feature?)
    • โžœ Sonkei Conversion: ใ€ŒใŠๅฎขๆง˜๏ผˆใŠใใ‚ƒใใ•ใพ๏ผ‰ใฏๆ–ฐๆฉŸ่ƒฝ๏ผˆใ—ใ‚“ใใฎใ†๏ผ‰ใ‚’____________________ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€
  3. Plain Statement: ใ€Œใƒใ‚ฐใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€ (I fixed the bug, so please check it.)
    • โžœ Business Slack Formula: ใ€Œไธๅ…ทๅˆ๏ผˆใตใใ‚ใ„๏ผ‰ใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃ๏ผˆใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ›ใ„๏ผ‰ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€____________________ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€

Exercise 2: Business Communication Error Identification

Identify the Keigo mistake in each engineering Slack message and write the correct version.

  1. Incorrect: ใ€ŒใŠๅฎขๆง˜ใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฎไป•ๆง˜ๅค‰ๆ›ดใฎไปถใ€ไบ†่งฃใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
    • Issue: __________________________________________________
    • Correction: ใ€ŒใŠๅฎขๆง˜ใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฎไป•ๆง˜ๅค‰ๆ›ดใฎไปถใ€____________________ใ€‚ใ€
  2. Incorrect: ใ€Œ็งใŒใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ธใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
    • Issue: __________________________________________________
    • Correction: ใ€Œ็งใŒใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’____________________ใฎใงใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ธใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€

Exercise 3: Dialogue Gap-Fill Exercise

Select the correct expression from the word bank to complete the incident post-mortem update: [ใ”ๆŸปๅŽใฎใปใฉ , ๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸ , ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ™ , ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸ , ๆคœ่จŽใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™]

ใ€Œ้–‹็™บใƒใƒผใƒ ใฎ็š†ๆง˜ใ€ใŠ็–ฒใ‚Œๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ็™บ็”Ÿใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใƒ™ใƒผใ‚น้šœๅฎณใฎใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒขใƒผใƒ†ใƒ ใ‚’่จ˜่ฟฐใ—ใ€ใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฅใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆทปไป˜ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚(1) ____________________ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๅ›žใฎ้šœๅฎณๅŽŸๅ› ใ‚’่ธใพใˆใ€ๆฅ้€ฑใฎใ‚นใƒ—ใƒชใƒณใƒˆใซใฆใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นๅ†่จญ่จˆใจ (2) ____________________ใ€‚ๅผ•ใ็ถšใใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€


๐Ÿ”‘ Answer Keys & Linguistic Explanations

Answer Key โ€” Exercise 1

  1. ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ (Haiken itashimashita) / ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ (Haiken itashimasu)
    • Explanation: Seeing/reviewing your own action towards work items requires humble Kenjougo (ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ™ใ‚‹).
  2. ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ / ใ”ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใชใ•ใฃใŸ (Tesuto saremashita deshou ka)
    • Explanation: The clientโ€™s action requires Sonkeigo (ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ / ใชใ•ใ‚‹).
  3. ใ”็ขบ่ชใฎใปใฉ (Go-kakunin no hodo)
    • Explanation: Requests to superiors/reviewers use ใ€Œใ”็ขบ่ชใฎใปใฉใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€ instead of plain ใ€Œ็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€.

Answer Key โ€” Exercise 2

  1. Issue: ใ€Œไบ†่งฃใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€(Ryookai shimashita) is improper when speaking to clients or superiors.
    • Correction: ใ€ŒใŠๅฎขๆง˜ใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฎไป•ๆง˜ๅค‰ๆ›ดใฎไปถใ€ๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผˆใพใŸใฏ ใ‹ใ—ใ“ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ๏ผ‰ใ€‚ใ€
  2. Issue: ใ€Œใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€(Goran ni narimashita) is Sonkeigo (respectful to others). You cannot use it for your own action.
    • Correction: ใ€Œ็งใŒใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ธใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€

Answer Key โ€” Exercise 3

  • (1) ใ”ๆŸปๅŽใฎใปใฉ (Go-sashuu no hodo - Please review/accept the attached file)
  • (2) ๅ†็™บ้˜ฒๆญข็ญ–ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ (Saihatsu boushisaku o kentou itashimasu - We will consider preventative measures)

5. Memory Hooks & Spaced Repetition Notes

5.1 The Directional Keigo Rule for Developers

  • Mnemonic:
    • You LOOK UP to the lead when they speak ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚‹ / ใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ (Sonkei).
    • You BOW DOWN when handing over your PR ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ / ็”ณใ™ / ๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ™ใ‚‹ (Kenjou).

5.2 Top 8 Irregular Verbs Cheat Sheet for Tech Engineers

 โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ฌโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ฌโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”
 โ”‚ Plain Verb   โ”‚ ๅฐŠๆ•ฌ่ชž (Sonkei)  โ”‚ ่ฌ™่ญฒ่ชž (Kenjou)  โ”‚
 โ”œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ผโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ผโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ค
 โ”‚ ่จ€ใ† (Iu)    โ”‚ ใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹       โ”‚ ็”ณใ™ / ็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™โ”‚
 โ”‚ ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ (Miru)  โ”‚ ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚‹       โ”‚ ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ™ใ‚‹         โ”‚
 โ”‚ ่žใ (Kiku)  โ”‚ ใŠ่žใใซใชใ‚‹     โ”‚ ไผบใ† / ๆ‹่ดใ™ใ‚‹  โ”‚
 โ”‚ ใ™ใ‚‹ (Suru)  โ”‚ ใชใ•ใ‚‹ / ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹  โ”‚ ่‡ดใ™ (ใ„ใŸใ™)    โ”‚
 โ”‚ ่กŒใ (Iku)   โ”‚ ใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹     โ”‚ ๅ‚ใ‚‹ / ไผบใ†      โ”‚
 โ”‚ ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ (Shiru) โ”‚ ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹     โ”‚ ๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ™ใ‚‹ / ๅญ˜ใ˜ใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹โ”‚
 โ”‚ ไธŽใˆใ‚‹(Give) โ”‚ ใใ ใ•ใ‚‹         โ”‚ ๅทฎใ—ไธŠใ’ใ‚‹       โ”‚
 โ”‚ ้ฃŸในใ‚‹(Eat)  โ”‚ ๅฌใ—ไธŠใŒใ‚‹       โ”‚ ใ„ใŸใ ใ         โ”‚
 โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ดโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ดโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜

5.3 Spaced Repetition Schedule & Obsidian Notes Graph

Review IntervalFocus TopicMastery Checkpoint
Day 1Keigo Verb MatrixMemorize 10 core engineering verb transformations.
Day 3Cushion Phrases & Slack EtiquettePractice writing 3 PR code review comments using ใ‚ฏใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ่จ€่‘‰.
Day 7Incident Escalation DialogueRecite Incident Escalation Scenario A aloud without looking at script.
Day 14Client Email & Post-MortemDraft a full incident post-mortem email in business Japanese.
Day 30Comprehensive Mock SyncSimulated 15-minute Japanese daily standup drill.